Transportation is a necessary activity for human survival and social development. Generally, the transportation system consists of five modes of transportation, which are railways, road, waterway, air, and pipeline. Road transportation plays a dominant role in the transportation system due to its convenient and direct access, wide access depth, and large coverage area. The lecture mainly focusses on the current status of pavement engineering in terms of construction, automated condition survey, M&R etc. The new horizons, trends, prospects of the development of pavement engineering research are presented. Moreover, the main problems to address, suggestions to research on pavement engineering, and the aspects calling for attention, etc. The total amount, area, density and communication capacity of expressways are relatively low. The reconstruction of national and provincial highways, the construction of rural highways, and the maintenance, repair and reconstruction of highways at all levels are still arduous tasks. The contradiction between supply and demand of urban roads is still very prominent, and problems such as urban road traffic congestion, safety and environmental protection require further efforts to solve. New technologies should be brought together to solve these problems.